American Ginseng: Unique Medicinal Properties

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), often confused with Asian or Panax ginseng, is commonly used in Chinese medicine to nourish “Yin.” Studies in humans are limited but current data suggest that it is safe for long-term use and has many benefits, including: 

• Lowers blood sugar levels 
• Reduces number and severity of colds 
• Improves memory, strength, stamina 
• Improves athletic performance 
• Improves glucose control in diabetics 
• Blood glucose-lowering effect  
• Effects on the central nervous system 
• Effects on the immune system

Epidemiological data show that American ginseng may improve survival and quality of life in breast cancer patients, but there are no clinical studies to back this claim. Also, breast cancer patients should use it with caution as it may stimulate the growth of breast cancer cells. Studies on its effectiveness to reduce cancer-related fatigue are mixed but one multisite trial suggests benefits.  

While the exact mechanism of action for American ginseng is yet to be known, it does contain ginsenosides which are thought to contribute to its medicinal properties. Those who are considering trying it should discuss this with their healthcare provider and let them know what dietary supplements they are taking (including herbs, vitamins, minerals, and natural or home remedies). Ginseng may cause some drugs to be less effective.

American ginseng should not be used by those taking the blood thinner warfarin as it has been found to antagonize warfarin’s effects in humans. Lab studies suggest that it may induce CYP3A4, affect the metabolism of drugs that are substrates of this enzyme, and reduce PT, PTT, and INR and blood glucose.